Ciência da disseminação em DOHaD para a promoção da saúde nas futuras gerações / Dissemination Science in DOHaD for health promotion in future generations

Após o reconhecimento de princípios evolutivos e da epigenética associada à plasticidade do desenvolvimento, a ciência de DOHaD (Origens Desenvolvimentistas da Saúde e Doença) floresceu. Segundo DOHaD, a exposição a condições adversas no início da vida, como a subnutrição, leva a respostas adaptativas para aumentar as chances de sobrevivência imediata e posterior, as quais podem aumentar o risco de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) no curso da vida. Outros insultos como obesidade (materna e paterna) na preconcepção e gestação, diabetes gestacional, aleitamento e a alimentação inadequada na infância podem induzir respostas não adaptativas e aumentar o risco de doenças, independentemente do ambiente posterior. A exposição à desreguladores endócrinos, substâncias tóxicas e poluentes também podem ter efeitos de longo prazo. Esses efeitos são mediados por alterações epigenéticas, as quais se tornam mais sensíveis nesse período crítico de desenvolvimento de intensa reorganização. Diante da transição nutricional e coexistência das diferentes formas de desnutrição nos países de baixa e média renda (PBMR); do aumento global das DCNT, cujo impacto social e econômico é maior nesses países; da fraca contribuição de fatores genéticos fixos na etiologia dessas doenças; e da ineficácia das atuais intervenções, a implementação de DOHaD representa uma estratégia potencial para beneficiar as futuras gerações. Considerando que a disseminação de DOHaD não têm acompanhado seu florescimento científico, esse trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um ebook direcionado para nutricionistas e um artigo relativo aos impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na perspectiva de DOHaD, a fim de aproximar a ciência destes profissionais e fomentar sua implementação. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura a partir artigos científicos em inglês e português, publicados nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed e BVS, sem limite de data. O trabalho evidenciou que o desafio da dupla carga de doenças e das diferentes formas de desnutrição nos PBMR, foi agravado pela pandemia, tornando imperativo medidas de intervenção por seu provável impacto no ciclo intergeracional de DCNT e desenvolvimento dos países. A aproximação dessa ciência do nutricionista, propicia uma formação mais ampla e integrativa, através de capacitação técnica e habilidades interpessoais, capazes de acionar as fragilidades biopsicossociais, e melhor intervir, equacionando resultados de curto e longo prazo, a fim de interromper o ciclo intergeracional de DCNT, assim como otimizar o capital humano, a capacidade de produção e renda da futura geração. Conclui-se que o material desenvolvido é de grande valia, dado que a disseminação desse conhecimento deve se estender aos nutricionistas de todas as áreas e ser multiplicado

After evolutionary and epigenetics principles associated with the plasticity of development were recognized, DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) science flourished. According to DOHaD, the exposure to adverse conditions at the beginning of life, like undernutrition, leads to adaptive responses to increased immediate and later odds of survival, which may increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCD) during life. Other conditions such as obesity (maternal and paternal) in preconception and pregnancy, gestational diabetes, lactation, and inadequate nourishment during infancy can induce non-adaptive responses and increased risk of diseases, regardless of the upcoming environment. The exposure to endocrine disruptors, and toxic and pollutant substances can also have long-term effects. Those effects are mediated by epigenetic changes, which become more sensitive during this critical period of development under intense reorganization. Considering the nutritional transition and coexistence of the different forms of undernutrition in the low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); the global increase of NCDs, with a higher social and economic impact in those countries; the weak contribution of fixed genetic factors in the etiology of those diseases; and the inefficacy of current interventions, the implementation of DOHaD represents a potential strategy to benefit future generations. Considering that the dissemination of DOHaD have not followed its scientific progress, the goal of the present work was to develop an e-book targeting nutritionists and an article about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the perspective of DOHaD, intended to drive the science closer to those professionals and foster its implementation. It is a narrative review of the literature regarding scientific articles published in English and Portuguese on the data bases SciELO, PubMed and BVS, with no date limit. The work has highlighted that the challenge of the double burden of the diseases and the several forms of undernutrition in the LMIC, was aggravated by the pandemic, making intervention measures imperative due to its likely impact on the intergenerational cycle of NCD and the development of countries. By inching closer to nutritionists this science provides larger and more integrative education through technical training and interpersonal abilities that help activate biopsychosocial fragilities, and better intervention; providing short- and long-term results aiming to interrupt the NCD intergenerational cycle, as well as optimize the human capital, the work and income capacity of the future generation. It is concluded that the material developed is of great value, given that the dissemination of this knowledge should reach all nutritionists from all areas and be multiplied

[Medical Heritage Library - The world's largest digital medical library]. / Medical Heritage Library - La plus grande bibliothèque médicale numérique du monde.

TITLE: Medical Heritage Library - La plus grande bibliothèque médicale numérique du monde. ABSTRACT: À l'heure où l'accès libre et gratuit aux ressources numériques est devenu un enjeu majeur, le but de cette présentation est d'introduire le lecteur à la visite de deux outils informatiques incontournables : la bibliothèque numérique Medica fondée en France dès 2000 et la Medical Heritage Library, premier consortium nord-américain mondial regroupant l'essentiel des ressources en histoire de la médecine tombées dans le domaine public.

Bibliotecas digitais e virtuais à luz da literatura brasileira: da construção ao acesso / Digital and virtual libraries in the light of brazilian literature: from construction to access

RESUMO Os reflexos das tecnologias da informação e comunicação nas bibliotecas é tema recorrente na literatura da área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Este artigo constitui uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema "Bibliotecas Digitais" e "Bibliotecas Virtuais", haja vista verificar os principais assuntos discorridos na literatura, por conseguinte, apresentar aspectos quantitativos que caracterizam a produção científica sobre o tema. A pesquisa é descritiva, qualiquantitativa e foram selecionados artigos da Base de Dados de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação, SciELO e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, publicados em português, de 2010 a 2014, mediante a técnica de coleta do tipo levantamento e análise de conteúdo. Os procedimentos realizados no estudo permitiram a identificação de 21 artigos que contemplam diferentes assuntos relacionados ao tema: estruturação das bibliotecas, produtos e serviços oferecidos, educação e formação, e acesso e usabilidade da biblioteca. Os dados quantitativos analisados demonstraram haver preferência pelo termo "Bibliotecas Digitais" ao termo "Bibliotecas Virtuais", com predominância dos assuntos "estruturação de bibliotecas" e "acesso e usabilidade". Os trabalhos foram publicados de forma equilibrada, ao longo dos anos, predomínio da autoria coletiva, e houve distribuição uniforme entre boa parte dos periódicos brasileiros da Ciência da Informação/Biblioteconomia. Como principal limitação, destaca-se o uso de artigos em português, o que instiga a realização de estudos futuros em artigos publicados em inglês e espanhol, e delimitando o tempo para anos mais recentes.

RESUMEN Los reflejos de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en las bibliotecas son un tema recurrente en la literatura de bibliotecas y ciencias de la información. Este artículo es una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema "Bibliotecas digitales" y "Bibliotecas virtuales", con el fin de verificar los principales temas discutidos en la literatura, por lo tanto, presenta aspectos cuantitativos que caracterizan la producción científica sobre el tema. La investigación es descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa, y los artículos de la Base de datos periódica de ciencias de la información, SciELO y Portal Capes, publicados en portugués, de 2010 a 2014, se seleccionaron utilizando la técnica de recopilación de encuestas y el análisis de contenido. Los procedimientos realizados en el estudio permitieron la identificación de 21 artículos que cubren diferentes temas relacionados con el tema: estructuración de la biblioteca, productos y servicios ofrecidos, educación y capacitación, y acceso a la biblioteca y usabilidad. Los datos cuantitativos analizados mostraron una preferencia por el término "Bibliotecas digitales" sobre el término "Bibliotecas virtuales", con predominio de los temas "estructuración de bibliotecas" y "acceso y usabilidad". Las obras se publicaron de manera equilibrada, a lo largo de los años, predominando la autoría colectiva, y hubo una distribución uniforme entre la mayoría de las revistas brasileñas de Ciencias de la Información / Bibliotecología. La principal limitación es el uso de artículos en portugués, lo que impulsa futuros estudios en artículos publicados en inglés y español, limitando el tiempo a años más recientes.

ABSTRACT The reflexes of information and communication technologies in libraries is a recurring theme in the library and information science literature. This article is a literature review on the topic "Digital Libraries" and "Virtual Libraries", in order to verify the main subjects discussed in the literature, therefore, presenting quantitative aspects that characterize the scientific production on the subject. The research is descriptive, qualitative and quantitative, and articles from the Information Science Periodical Database, SciELO and Portal Capes, published in Portuguese, from 2010 to 2014, were selected using the survey collection technique and content analysis. The procedures performed in the study allowed the identification of 21 articles that cover different subjects related to the theme: library structuring, products and services offered, education and training, and library access and usability. The quantitative data analyzed showed a preference for the term "Digital Libraries" over the term "Virtual Libraries", with predominance of the subjects "library structuring" and "access and usability". The works were published in a balanced way, over the years, predominance of collective authorship, and there was a uniform distribution among most Brazilian journals of Information Science / Library Science. The main limitation is the use of articles in Portuguese, which prompts future studies in articles published in English and Spanish, limiting the time to more recent years.

El futuro de la REMPSP y las plataformas O.A. El caso de SCIELO / No disponible

En este trabajo se describe la red de información científica iberoamericana SciELO que, con más de 20 años de recorrido, es una de las plataformas de impulso del acceso abierto a la información más reconocida

This work describes SCIELO, the Iberoamerican scientific information network that, after a journey of more than 20 years, is now one of the most acknowledged platforms promoting open access to informationa

From enhanced collaborations to space advancements: technologies to bring libraries (and librarians) full circle and into the future.

Since the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) Virtual Projects section was first announced in 2012, the virtual projects featured in the JMLA have expanded or improved library spaces, services, collaborations, connections, and future directions. Virtual projects selected by the JMLA Virtual Projects Section Advisory Committee have been both practical and responsive to library and patron needs and illustrate ways that librarians are leading their communities and services in new directions. Virtual projects highlighted in this year's section demonstrate innovative adaptations of technology into the modern medical library that strengthen collaborative commitments and clinical and research partnerships. They also illustrate how technologies support the idea of "library as place" by providing spaces for users to explore new technologies, as well as tools for space and service planning. This year's virtual projects fully embrace changes in learning, research patterns, technologies, and the role of the health sciences librarian and the library.

Nonpublication Rates and Characteristics of Registered Randomized Clinical Trials in Digital Health: Cross-Sectional Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials are key to advancing evidence-based medical research. The medical research literature has identified the impact of publication bias in clinical trials. Selective publication for positive outcomes or nonpublication of negative results could misdirect subsequent research and result in literature reviews leaning toward positive outcomes. Digital health trials face specific challenges, including a high attrition rate, usability issues, and insufficient formative research. These challenges may contribute to nonpublication of the trial results. To our knowledge, no study has thus far reported the nonpublication rates of digital health trials. OBJECTIVE: The primary research objective was to evaluate the nonpublication rate of digital health randomized clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Our secondary research objective was to determine whether industry funding contributes to nonpublication of digital health trials. METHODS: To identify digital health trials, a list of 47 search terms was developed through an iterative process and applied to the "Title," "Interventions," and "Outcome Measures" fields of registered trials with completion dates between April 1, 2010, and April 1, 2013. The search was based on the full dataset exported from the ClinlicalTrials.gov database, with 265,657 trials entries downloaded on February 10, 2018, to allow publication of studies within 5 years of trial completion. We identified publications related to the results of the trials through a comprehensive approach that included an automated and manual publication-identification process. RESULTS: In total, 6717 articles matched the a priori search terms, of which 803 trials matched our latest completion date criteria. After screening, 556 trials were included in this study. We found that 150 (27%) of all included trials remained unpublished 5 years after their completion date. In bivariate analyses, we observed statistically significant differences in trial characteristics between published and unpublished trials in terms of the intervention target condition, country, trial size, trial phases, recruitment, and prospective trial registration. In multivariate analyses, differences in trial characteristics between published and unpublished trials remained statistically significant for the intervention target condition, country, trial size, trial phases, and recruitment; the odds of publication for non-US-based trials were significant, and these trials were 3.3 (95% CI 1.845-5.964) times more likely to be published than US-based trials. We observed a trend of 1.5 times higher nonpublication rates for industry-funded trials. However, the trend was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In the domain of digital health, 27% of registered clinical trials results are unpublished, which is lower than nonpublication rates in other fields. There are substantial differences in nonpublication rates between trials funded by industry and nonindustry sponsors. Further research is required to define the determinants and reasons for nonpublication and, more importantly, to articulate the impact and risk of publication bias in the field of digital health trials.

Evaluating digital libraries: a systematised review.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the models and methods for evaluating digital libraries. METHODS: Springer, Science Direct, ProQuest, Emerald, Wiley, LISTA, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Magiran (Persian), Irandoc (Persian), SID (Persian) and Noormags (Persian) databases were searched systematically based on the defined criteria. Selection criteria included full-text articles and dissertations published in English and Persian languages in 2004-2017. The final included articles (n = 64) were reviewed, selected and analysed by group discussions. RESULTS: The results of analysing 64 included articles for this systematised review specified that the evaluation of digital libraries is mostly focused on the service quality aspect, and DigiQual was the most frequently used model. Few studies have evaluated digital libraries in the health sector. The researcher developed questionnaire is the most frequently used method to evaluate digital libraries. CONCLUSION: Because there are fewer studies of digital libraries evaluation in the health sector, the specific features of health digital libraries should be addressed by librarians and health digital library designers to develop specific models.

Preservação para a construção da Coleção Memória da Enfermagem na UNIRIO / Preservación para la construcción de la Colección Memoria de Enfermería en UNIRIO / Preservation for building Collection Memory of Nursing in UNIRIO

Objetivo: Mostrar os resultados do projeto de digitalização e publicação on-line dos acervos da Coleção Memória da Enfermagem (BSEN). Método: Foi realizada pesquisa do material bibliográfico existente no acervo, com as etapas de seleção, preparação dos itens, digitalização e publicação no catálogo on-line. Resultados: Criação da biblioteca digital da Coleção Memória da Enfermagem da UNIRIO. Conclusão: A digitalização dos acervos especiais é processo indispensável para a preservação da memória e disseminação da informação histórica

Objective: The study's goal has been to show the results of the digitization project and online publishing of Collection of Nursing Memory (BSEN). Methods: It is a research of existing bibliographical material that was held in the collection, with the stages of selection, preparation of items, digitization and publication in the catalog. Results: The creation of the digital library collection Memory Nursing - UNIRIO. Conclusion: The digitization of special collections is an essential process for the preservation of memory and dissemination of historical information

Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados de las colecciones de diseño y publicación en línea de escaneo de la colección Memoria de Enfermería (BSEN). Método: Investigación del material bibliográfico existente con las etapas de selección, preparación de artículos, la digitalización y publicación en el catálogo. Resultados: La creación de la biblioteca digital de la Colección Memoria de la Enfermería - UNIRIO. Conclusión: La digitalización de las colecciones especiales es un proceso esencial para la preservación de la memoria y la difusión de información histórica

Historia de Revista de Osteoporosis y Metabolismo Mineral. Su situación diez años después / Background history of Revista de Osteoporosis y Metabolismo Mineral. The situation ten years on

No disponible

Scientific Archives in the Age of Digitization.

Historians are increasingly working with material that is not only digital but has been digitized. Early digitization projects aimed to encode data for systematic analysis; more recent projects have sought to reproduce unique archival material in a manner that allows for open-ended historical inquiry without the need to travel to archives and manipulate physical objects. Such projects have undeniable benefits for the preservation of documents and access to them. Yet historians must be aware of the scope of digitization, the reasons why material is chosen to be digitized, and limitations on the dissemination of digitized sources. Furthermore, some physical aspects of sources, and of collections of sources, are lost in their digital simulacra. Nonetheless, digitization and the standardization of metadata offer significant possibilities for future archival research and documentation.

E-books: nurse faculty use and concerns.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to identify nurse educators' stage of concern regarding e-books and examine relationships between stage of concern and demographic variables. BACKGROUND: The use of e-books is growing, and nursing faculty must be prepared to use this evolving technology. METHOD: A descriptive design was used with a convenience sample of 50 nurse educators attending a professional conference. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Stages of Concern (SoC) questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of participants' first high stage was Stage 0 (awareness); 22 percent had a first high stage of Stage 1 (informational). Using ordinal regression, no statistical significance was noted with the highest Stage of Concern and age (p = .431) or experience as a nurse educator (p = .893). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate low usage, faculty concerns, and the need for ongoing education regarding e-books.

Processing genome scale tabular data with wormtable.

BACKGROUND: Modern biological science generates a vast amount of data, the analysis of which presents a major challenge to researchers. Data are commonly represented in tables stored as plain text files and require line-by-line parsing for analysis, which is time consuming and error prone. Furthermore, there is no simple means of indexing these files so that rows containing particular values can be quickly found. RESULTS: We introduce a new data format and software library called wormtable, which provides efficient access to tabular data in Python. Wormtable stores data in a compact binary format, provides random access to rows, and enables sophisticated indexing on columns within these tables. Files written in existing formats can be easily converted to wormtable format, and we provide conversion utilities for the VCF and GTF formats. CONCLUSIONS: Wormtable's simple API allows users to process large tables orders of magnitude more quickly than is possible when parsing text. Furthermore, the indexing facilities provide efficient access to subsets of the data along with providing useful methods of summarising columns. Since third-party libraries or custom code are no longer needed to parse complex plain text formats, analysis code can also be substantially simpler as well as being uniform across different data formats. These benefits of reduced code complexity and greatly increased performance allow users much greater freedom to explore their data.

Taking control of your digital library: how modern citation managers do more than just referencing.

Physicians are constantly navigating the overwhelming body of medical literature available on the Internet. Although early citation managers were capable of limited searching of index databases and tedious bibliography production, modern versions of citation managers such as EndNote, Zotero, and Mendeley are powerful web-based tools for searching, organizing, and sharing medical literature. Effortless point-and-click functions provide physicians with the ability to develop robust digital libraries filled with literature relevant to their fields of interest. In addition to easily creating manuscript bibliographies, various citation managers allow physicians to readily access medical literature, share references for teaching purposes, collaborate with colleagues, and even participate in social networking. If physicians are willing to invest the time to familiarize themselves with modern citation managers, they will reap great benefits in the future.

[The future of scientific libraries]. / Il futuro delle biblioteche scientifiche.

"Making predictions is always very difficult, especially about the future". Niels Bohr's quote is very appropriate when looking into the future of libraries. If the Web is now the richest library in the world, it is also the most friendly and therefore the most convenient. The evolution of libraries in the coming years - both traditional and online - will probably depend on their ability to meet the information needs of users: improved ease of use and better reliability of the information. These are objectives that require money and - given the general reduction in budgets - it is not obvious that the results will be achieved. However, there are many promising experiences at the international level that show that the world of libraries is populated by projects and creativity. Traditional or digital, libraries will increasingly present themselves more as a sharing tool than as a repository of information: it is the sharing that translates data into knowledge. In the healthcare field, the integration of online libraries with the epidemiological information systems could favor the fulfillment of unconscious information needs of health personnel; libraries will therefore be a key tool for an integrated answer to the challenge of continuing education in medicine. The Internet is no longer a library but an information ecosystem where the data are transformed into knowledge by sharing and discussion.